Package 'fun' reference manual

Title:	Use R for Fun
Description:	This is a collection of R games and other funny stuff, such as the classic Mine sweeper and sliding puzzles.
Authors:	Yihui Xie [aut, cre] , Yixuan Qiu [aut], Taiyun Wei [aut]
Maintainer:	Yihui Xie <[email protected]>
License:	GPL
Version:	0.3.1
Built:	2024-11-01 11:15:32 UTC
Source:	https://github.com/yihui/fun

Use R for Fun

Description

This is a collection of R games and other funny stuff, such as the classical Mine sweeper and sliding puzzles.

Details

New games are always welcome; if you know GIT and want to join the development, please go to https://github.com/yihui/fun; or simply contribute ideas at https://github.com/yihui/fun/issues.

Author(s)

Yihui Xie, Taiyun Wei, and Yixuan Qiu

Examples

## See the examples in each function, or check out the demos
demo(package = "fun")
## See the examples in each function, or check out the demos
demo(package = "fun")

Test Alzheimer's disease by finding out the different character in a character rectangle

Description

Please try hard to find the letter "N" in 300 "M"s, one "6" in 300 "9"s, etc.

Usage

alzheimer_test(
  char1 = c("9", "O", "M", "I", "F", "D"),
  char2 = c("6", "C", "N", "T", "E", "O"),
  nr = 10,
  nc = 30,
  seed = NULL,
  ...
)
alzheimer_test(
  char1 = c("9", "O", "M", "I", "F", "D"),
  char2 = c("6", "C", "N", "T", "E", "O"),
  nr = 10,
  nc = 30,
  seed = NULL,
  ...
)

Arguments

`char1`	the 'background' character
`char2`	the character to be found out
`nr`	number of rows of the character rectangle
`nc`	number of columns
`seed`	seed for random number generation
`...`	other arguments passed to `set.seed`

Value

If at least one test item has been passed, a data.frame will be returned telling the result of the test.

Note

Don't be too serious about this test. I'm no doctor, but I think this will be a good present to your friends.

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>

Examples

## Not run: 
x = alzheimer_test()

## End(Not run)
## Not run: 
x = alzheimer_test()

## End(Not run)

The game of Gomoku, a.k.a Five in a row

Description

There are two players in this game who play one after the other using black and white stones respectively. The winner is the first player to get an unbroken row of five stones horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

Usage

gomoku(n = 19)
gomoku(n = 19)

Arguments

`n`	the number of rows and columns in the board (the default 19 generates the standard board)

Value

NULL

Note

The players should judge the winner by themselves; this function does not do this job (patches are welcome, of course).

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>; modified from the code by pklin

References

https://d.cosx.org/d/104750, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomoku

Examples

gomoku()
gomoku()

Replace HTML special characters with HTML entities

Description

The characters c("&", '"', "'", "<", ">") will be replaced with c("&", """, "'", "<", ">"), respectively.

Usage

htmlspecialchars(string)
htmlspecialchars(string)

Arguments

string

the string with (or w/o) HTML special chars

Value

the string with special chars replaced.

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>

References

https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.htmlspecialchars.php

Examples

htmlspecialchars("<a href = 'https://yihui.org'>Yihui</a>")
# &lt;a href = &#039;https://yihui.org&#039;&gt;Yihui&lt;/a&gt;
htmlspecialchars("<a href = 'https://yihui.org'>Yihui</a>")
# &lt;a href = &#039;https://yihui.org&#039;&gt;Yihui&lt;/a&gt;

Play the “Lights Out” game in R

Description

By default, the white squares in the plot denote the lights that are on, and black ones for the off. When you click on a light, this light as well as the four neighbors will switch theirs status. Your mission is to close all the lights.

Usage

lights_out(
  width = 5,
  height = 5,
  steps = 3,
  cheat = FALSE,
  col.off = "black",
  col.on = "white",
  col.frame = "lightblue",
  seed = NULL
)
lights_out(
  width = 5,
  height = 5,
  steps = 3,
  cheat = FALSE,
  col.off = "black",
  col.on = "white",
  col.frame = "lightblue",
  seed = NULL
)

Arguments

`width`	number of lights in x axis
`height`	number of lights in y axis
`steps`	number of “seed” lights to initialize the puzzle. In general, the larger `steps` is, the more complex this puzzle may be
`cheat`	logical. If `TRUE` a data frame indicating the steps to solve this puzzle will be printed
`col.off`	color when lights off
`col.on`	color when lights on
`col.frame`	color of lights border
`seed`	seed for random number generator

Note

Linux/Mac users have to use X11(type = 'Xlib') or the Cairo graphics device Cairo() in the package cairoDevice.

Author(s)

Yixuan Qiu [email protected]

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lights_Out_(game)

Examples

## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    lights_out()
}
## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    lights_out()
}

Play the Mine Sweeper game in R

Description

The controls should be familiar to you: Click the left mouse button to dig in an area, and right button to mark or unmark the area with flags.

Usage

mine_sweeper(width = 10, height = 10, mines = 20, cheat = FALSE)
mine_sweeper(width = 10, height = 10, mines = 20, cheat = FALSE)

Arguments

`width`	number of grids in horizontal axis
`height`	number of grids in vertical axis
`mines`	number of mines
`cheat`	logical. If `TRUE` a matrix indicating the mines will be printed

Note

Linux/Mac users have to use X11(type = 'Xlib') or the Cairo graphics device Cairo() in the package cairoDevice.

Author(s)

Yixuan Qiu [email protected]

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minesweeper_(computer_game)

Examples

## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    mine_sweeper()
}
## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    mine_sweeper()
}

Generate a random password with a specified length

Description

This function generates a random passord sampled from the ASCII table.

Usage

random_password(length = 12, replace = FALSE, extended = TRUE)
random_password(length = 12, replace = FALSE, extended = TRUE)

Arguments

`length`	length of the password
`replace`	sample from the ASCII table with (`TRUE`) or without (`FALSE`) replacement?
`extended`	if `FALSE`, use alphanumeric characters only; otherwise use all the ASCII characters

Value

a character string

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>

Examples

random_password()
# set the seed to get fixed password every time; you may just remember the seed
# and forget the real password because it's reproducible
set.seed(123)
random_password()
# long password
random_password(20, TRUE)
random_password()
# set the seed to get fixed password every time; you may just remember the seed
# and forget the real password because it's reproducible
set.seed(123)
random_password()
# long password
random_password(20, TRUE)

Shut down the operating system with the command ‘shutdown’

Description

There is a command shutdown in both Windows and Linux, and this function uses it to shut down a computer.

Usage

shutdown(wait = 0)
shutdown(wait = 0)

Arguments

wait

time to wait before shutting down (in seconds); passed to Sys.sleep

Details

After the time wait has passed, R will execute shutdown -s -t 0 (for Windows) or shutdown -h now to shut down the computer.

Value

The status code of system.

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>

Examples

if (interactive()) {
    # when your code is extremely time-consuming, you may need this function; e.g.
    # you go to sleep, and R is running long computation... complex graphics... and
    # long long computation... at last,
    shutdown()
    # the next day you wake up, 'thank you, R' :)
}
if (interactive()) {
    # when your code is extremely time-consuming, you may need this function; e.g.
    # you go to sleep, and R is running long computation... complex graphics... and
    # long long computation... at last,
    shutdown()
    # the next day you wake up, 'thank you, R' :)
}

Sliding puzzle in R

Description

Use R to play sliding puzzle

Usage

sliding_puzzle(size = c(3, 3), bg = "lightblue", z = NULL)
sliding_puzzle(size = c(3, 3), bg = "lightblue", z = NULL)

Arguments

`size`	two dimensional vector, the size of sliding puzzle. Note: the element of `size` must be greater than 1.
`bg`	the background color of blocks.
`z`	the matrix of sliding puzzle, if z is specified, `size` will be omited.

Details

If size is specified and z is NULL, then the function will generate a solvable sliding puzzle.

Note

Linux/Mac users have to use X11(type = 'Xlib') or the Cairo graphics device Cairo() in the package cairoDevice.

Author(s)

Taiyun Wei

References

About the sliding puzzle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliding_puzzle

Examples

## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    sliding_puzzle()
    sliding_puzzle(z = matrix(0:11, 3, 4))
}
## should use Xlib for the x11() device under *nix, e.g
if (interactive()) {
    if (.Platform$OS.type == "windows") 
        x11() else x11(type = "Xlib")
    sliding_puzzle()
    sliding_puzzle(z = matrix(0:11, 3, 4))
}

Creating Tag Cloud in R (with Flash and JavaScript)

Description

Use R to write tag data (tag words, frequency, hyperlinks and colors, etc) into JavaScript, and the JavaScript code will generate a Flash movie. Finally the tag cloud can be created with fantastic 3D rotation effect.

Usage

tag_cloud(
  tagData,
  htmlOutput = "tagCloud.html",
  SWFPath = "tagcloud.swf",
  JSPath = "swfobject.js",
  divId = "tagCloudId",
  width = 600,
  height = 400,
  transparent = FALSE,
  tcolor = "333333",
  tcolor2 = "009900",
  hicolor = "ff0000",
  distr = "true",
  tspeed = 100,
  version = 9,
  bgcolor = "ffffff",
  useXML = FALSE,
  htmlTitle = "Tag Cloud",
  noFlashJS,
  target = NULL,
  scriptOnly = FALSE,
  encode = FALSE,
  reserved = FALSE
)
tag_cloud(
  tagData,
  htmlOutput = "tagCloud.html",
  SWFPath = "tagcloud.swf",
  JSPath = "swfobject.js",
  divId = "tagCloudId",
  width = 600,
  height = 400,
  transparent = FALSE,
  tcolor = "333333",
  tcolor2 = "009900",
  hicolor = "ff0000",
  distr = "true",
  tspeed = 100,
  version = 9,
  bgcolor = "ffffff",
  useXML = FALSE,
  htmlTitle = "Tag Cloud",
  noFlashJS,
  target = NULL,
  scriptOnly = FALSE,
  encode = FALSE,
  reserved = FALSE
)

Arguments

`tagData`	a data.frame containing at least 3 columns: `tag`, `link` and `count`. Optional columns are `color` and `hicolor`
`htmlOutput`	filename of the HTML output
`SWFPath`	path of the SWF source file (‘tagcloud.swf’); see `system.file("js", "tagcloud.swf", package = "fun")`
`JSPath`	path of the JavaScript file (‘swfobject.js’); see `system.file("js", "swfobject.js", package = "fun")`
`divId`	id of the tag cloud div (HTML layer)
`width`, `height`	width and height of the tag cloud
`transparent`	logical; whether to use transparent backgroud for the Flash movie?
`tcolor`, `tcolor2`, `hicolor`, `distr`, `tspeed`	see Details
`version`	the required Flash version
`bgcolor`	backgroud color of the Flash movie
`useXML`	use XML file for the tag information or just a string; this will be passed to the Flash object as a variable
`htmlTitle`	title of the HTML file
`noFlashJS`	text to show if Flash or JavaScript is not supported
`target`	target window of the hyperlinks; possible values are `NULL`, `'_blank'`, `'_top'`, etc
`scriptOnly`	print the script in the console only? (if `TRUE`), no HTML file will be generated
`encode`	encode the tag XML or not? (with `URLencode`) set it to be `TRUE` when your browser does not recognize the tag XML correctly
`reserved`	should reserved characters be encoded? see `URLencode`

Details

This function is based on the WordPress plugin “wp-cumulus”. If there are any arguments you don't understand, please check the reference.

Value

NULL

Author(s)

Yihui Xie <https://yihui.org>

References

About the WordPress plugin: https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-cumulus/

Usage of the SWFObject: http://blog.deconcept.com/swfobject/

An example of visualizing tags in my blog: https://yihui.org/en/2009/06/creating-tag-cloud-using-r-and-flash-javascript-swfobject/

Examples

data(tagData)
htmlFile = paste(tempfile(), ".html", sep = "")
if (file.create(htmlFile)) {
    tag_cloud(tagData, htmlFile)
    if (!interactive()) 
        browseURL(htmlFile)
}
data(tagData)
htmlFile = paste(tempfile(), ".html", sep = "")
if (file.create(htmlFile)) {
    tag_cloud(tagData, htmlFile)
    if (!interactive()) 
        browseURL(htmlFile)
}

Tag information of Yihui Xie's English blog

Description

Tag data collected from Yihui Xie's Blog, containing the tag words, frequency and hyperlinks, etc.

Format

A data frame with 45 observations on the following 5 variables.

tag: a character vector; the tag words
link: a character vector; hyperlinks of tags
count: a numeric vector; the frequency of tags in blogs (see Details)
color: a character vector in hexadecimal format specifying the RGB component of tag colors
hicolor: a character vector similar to color; the color when mouse hangs over the tag

Details

The count was multiplied by 4 in the data in order that the tag cloud could be more clear.

Source

https://yihui.org/en/ (accessed on June 10, 2009)

Examples

hist(tagData$count/4, 10)  # extremely right skewed
# see help(tag_cloud) for the example of creating tag cloud with this data
hist(tagData$count/4, 10)  # extremely right skewed
# see help(tag_cloud) for the example of creating tag cloud with this data

Demonstrate the Tower of Hanoi puzzle in R

Description

This function uses the recursive algorithm to solve the Tower of Hanoi puzzle, and demonstrates the game in animation.

Usage

tower_of_hanoi(n = 7)
tower_of_hanoi(n = 7)

Arguments

`n`	an integer indicating the number of disks on the rot.

Details

This function was written by Linlin Yan <[email protected]> in a Chinese forum (See 'References') to show the usage of recursive algorithm.

Author(s)

Linlin Yan <[email protected]>

References

Original code: https://d.cosx.org/d/101199

About the Tower of Hanoi: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_Hanoi

Examples

## Not run: 
tower_of_hanoi(7)

## End(Not run)
## Not run: 
tower_of_hanoi(7)

## End(Not run)

Package 'fun'

Help Index

Use R for Fun

Description

Details

Author(s)

Examples

Test Alzheimer's disease by finding out the different character in a character rectangle

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Note

Author(s)

Examples

The game of Gomoku, a.k.a Five in a row

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Note

Author(s)

References

Examples

Replace HTML special characters with HTML entities

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Author(s)

References

See Also

Examples

Play the “Lights Out” game in R

Description

Usage

Arguments

Note

Author(s)

References

Examples

Play the Mine Sweeper game in R

Description

Usage

Arguments

Note

Author(s)

References

Examples

Generate a random password with a specified length

Description

Usage

Arguments

Value

Author(s)

See Also

Examples

Shut down the operating system with the command ‘shutdown’

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Value

Author(s)

See Also

Examples

Sliding puzzle in R

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details

Note

Author(s)

References

Examples

Creating Tag Cloud in R (with Flash and JavaScript)

Description

Usage

Arguments

Details